Abstract: DNA nanostructures have been widely applied in biosensing, biodetection, drug delivery carriers because of which capacity of precisely base paring, excellent biocompatibilty and biostability, high cell membrane permeablity and controlled drug release property. In this review, approaches for purification and biological application in the past five years of functional nucleic acid nanomaterials are demonstrated. It is sure that DNA nanotechnology will be developed quickly in the near future.