Abstract: With the advantage of abundance on the earth and nontoxicity,Si-based solar cell will continue to dominate in the future.The efficiency of normal crystal silicon solar cell can not be enhanced in a short time owing to the conversion mechanisms.Nano-structured materials,based on quantum confinement mechanisms,open a window to novel-structure,super-high-efficiency solar cell.This paper introduces some new research progresses in Si-based nano-structured solar and forecast possible aspect in future development.