Abstract: The low dimension chalcogenides are of indispensable importance in semi-conductor fields,coordination chemistry, solid chemistry and infrared detective devices. These compounds include II-VI main-group semi-conductor compounds, IV-VI main-group semiconductor compounds and multi-metal chalcogenides (especially transition metal chalcogenides). The recent developments of synthesis of low dimension chalcogenide such as high temperature synthesis, electrochemical synthesis, solvothermal synthesis and advantages and disadvantages of these syntheses is reviewed.