Abstract: In the development of silicon-based integrated optoelectronics,high efficient silicon-based light source is always the desired goal,however,the emission efficiency of silicon is very poor due to its indirect bandgap.So far,many silicon-based material systems were explored to improve the efficiency of silicon,but no breakthrough progresses were made.In recent years,much attention was paid to photonic crystals because they can control light randomly.Photonic crystals can be introduced into silicon-based material systems to improve their efficiency and contribute to the development of silicon-based integrated optoelectronics.In this paper,the mechanism of photonic crystal enhancing the efficiency of silicon-based materials is briefly described,the applications of photonic crystal in several silicon-based materials are introduced,and the potential perspective about silicon-based photonic crystal light-emitting devices is given.