体相与表面协同调控构筑高稳定性镍酸锂正极材料

Bulk and surface synergistic regulation for constructing high-stability LiNiO2 cathode materials

  • 摘要: 采用共沉淀法在Ni(OH)2前驱体中进行体相掺杂Zr4+,并通过高温固相法将Zr掺杂的Ni(OH)2前驱体一步完成锂化与表面包覆LaAlO3及其衍生物La2Li0.5Al0.5O4,成功合成Zr掺杂与LaAlO3及其衍生物La2Li0.5Al0.5O4包覆的LiNiO2正极材料(Zr-life degradation of LiNiO2, LNO@LA)。该材料有效改善了LiNiO2正极材料在循环过程中因界面与结构不稳定性导致的容量与使用寿命持续衰减问题。结构表征与电化学测试结果表明,该改性方法可提高LNO晶胞参数,降低Li+/Ni2+混排程度,增强晶格氧的稳定性,从而提高正极材料的结构稳定性。同时,残锂量显著降低,界面稳定性得到进一步增强。Zr-LNO@LA正极材料的首次放电库仑效率、倍率性能均得到明显提升,1 C、200次循环以及5 C、500次循环的性能显著提高。

     

    Abstract: A modified LiNiO2 cathode material (Zr-LNO@LA) was synthesized through Zr4+ doping into the bulk phase of the Ni(OH)2 precursor using the co-precipitation method, followed by coating LaAlO3 and its derivative La2Li0.5Al0.5O4 onto the Zr-doped Ni(OH)2 precursor in a single lithiation step via the high-temperature solid-state method. This modification strategy effectively addresses the persistent challenges of continuous capacity fading and service life degradation observed in LiNiO2 (LNO) cathode materials during cycling, which are primarily attributed to interface and structural instability. Comprehensive structural characterization and electrochemical testing reveal that this modification approach increases the unit cell parameters of LNO, reduces the extent of Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing, enhances the stability of lattice oxygen, and improves the overall structural stability of the cathode material. Additionally, the residual lithium content is significantly reduced, and interface stability is markedly strengthened. The Zr-LNO@LA cathode material exhibits a substantial improvement in initial discharge Coulombic efficiency and rate capability. Furthermore, its cycling performance is considerably enhanced, maintaining excellent stability after 200 cycles at 1 C and 500 cycles at 5 C.

     

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