嵌入六方氮化硼锯齿型石墨烯纳米带的定量矢量磁场成像研究

Quantitative Vector Magnetic Field Imaging of Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbons Embedded in Hexagonal Boron Nitride

  • 摘要: 锯齿型石墨烯纳米带(zigzag edge states in graphene nanoribbons, ZZ-GNR)边缘态的磁性是碳基自旋电子学研究中的核心问题。我们近期通过将ZZ-GNR嵌入六方氮化硼(hBN)晶格,首次在实验上证实了其本征磁性的存在(Nature Materials, 2025, 24: 1592-1599)。然而,前期的扫描氮-空位显微镜(scanning nitrogen-vacancy microscopy, SNVM)测量仅提供了磁场在NV色心轴向上的投影分量,难以从成像角度直接揭示磁各向异性的微观特征。作为前期工作的延伸,本文提出了一种基于傅里叶变换的磁场矢量重构方法,利用无电流源区域的麦克斯韦方程组约束,成功从原始的Full-B模式数据中反演了ZZ-GNR的三维矢量杂散磁场(Bx, By, Bz)。定量分析表明,ZZ-GNR边缘产生的杂散磁场主要集中在面外方向(Bz),其峰值强度约为3.7 Gauss,而面内分量较弱。结合扶手椅型纳米带及空沟槽的对照实验,本研究在纳米尺度上直接证实了嵌入式ZZ-GNR具有显著的垂直磁各向异性,为理解其亚铁磁性基态提供了关键的定量实验依据。

     

    Abstract: The magnetism of ZZ-GNR represents a pivotal topic in carbon-based spintronics. In a recent study, we experimentally verified the presence of intrinsic magnetism in ZZ-GNR by embedding them within a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) lattice (Nature Materials, 2025, 24: 1592-1599). However, prior SNVM measurements only captured the magnetic field's projected component along the NV center axis, complicating the direct visualization of magnetic anisotropy characteristics through imaging. Building upon our previous findings, this paper introduces a magnetic field vector reconstruction method based on Fourier transform. By applying the constraints of Maxwell's equations in current-free regions, we successfully reconstructed the three-dimensional vector stray magnetic fields (Bx, By, Bz) of ZZ-GNR from the original Full-B mode data. Quantitative analysis reveals that the stray magnetic field generated by the ZZ-GNR edges is predominantly oriented in the out-of-plane direction (Bz), with a peak intensity of approximately 3.7 Gauss, while the in-plane components are minimal. Supported by control experiments on armchair graphene nanoribbons (AC-GNR) and empty trenches, this study provides direct confirmation of the pronounced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of embedded ZZ-GNR at the nanoscale, offering crucial quantitative experimental evidence for understanding their ferrimagnetic ground state.

     

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