基于异构集成的MRAM设计及应用

Design and applications of MRAM based on heterogeneous integration

  • 摘要: 在后摩尔时代,“内存墙”与“功耗墙”双重瓶颈制约着电子系统性能的提升。磁随机存取存储器(magnetoresistive random access memory, MRAM)凭借其非易失性、高集成密度以及与互补金属-氧化物-半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, CMOS)工艺的良好兼容性,成为突破上述性能瓶颈的核心候选器件;而先进封装技术通过高密度互连,为MRAM与异构单元的高效融合提供了关键物理基础。系统梳理重布线层(re-distribution layer,RDL)、微凸点(μbump)、混合键合(hybrid bonding,HB)及硅通孔(through-silicon via,TSV)等先进封装技术类别及其特性,聚焦CMOS图像传感器、移动片上系统(system-on-chip, SoC)和计算架构三大典型应用场景,深入剖析基于异构集成的MRAM设计方案,旨在为MRAM异构集成提供理论与实践参考,并推动其在智能成像、高性能计算等领域的产业化应用。

     

    Abstract: In the post-Moore Era, the dual bottlenecks of the "Memory Wall" and "Power Wall" constrain the performance enhancement of electronic systems. Magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), with its non-volatility, high integration density, and compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes, has emerged as a key candidate device to overcome these performance limitations. Additionally, advanced packaging technologies, through high-density interconnections, provide a physical foundation for the efficient integration of MRAM with heterogeneous components. This paper systematically reviews the classifications and features of advanced heterogeneous integration technologies, including redistribution layer (RDL), microbump (μbump), hybrid bonding (HB), and through-silicon via (TSV). It focuses on three typical application scenarios — CMOS image sensors (CIS), mobile system-on-chips (SoCs), and computing architectures, and provides an in-depth analysis on the design schemes of MRAM based on heterogeneous integration. This study aims to offer theoretical and practical guidance for MRAM heterogeneous integration and to promote its industrial application in fields such as intelligent imaging and high-performance computing.

     

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