基于石墨烯基复合材料的NH3气体传感器研究进展

Research Progress of NH3 Gas Sensors Based on the Graphene-based Composites

  • 摘要: NH3的排放对环境和人类健康有重大影响。近年来, 对NH3的高效实时检测已成为环境监测及分析化学领域的研究热点。作为二维(2D)纳米材料的典型代表——石墨烯, 以其独特的物化性能为气体的检测提供了良好的平台。石墨烯及石墨烯基复合材料已被广泛应用于NH3气体的检测。本文综述了近10年来国内外基于石墨烯基复合材料的NH3气体传感器的研究进展, 重点介绍了几种常见石墨烯复合材料在NH3气体传感器中的应用。与本征石墨烯相比, 金属粒子掺杂石墨烯可增强其对NH3的吸附能力; 金属氧化物掺杂石墨烯可有效提高NH3气体传感的灵敏度, 但响应时间长、重复性较差; 有机高分子掺杂石墨烯稳定性相对较差, 对环境要求较高; 石墨烯三元复合材料可有效提高传感器的稳定性, 改善传感选择性。最后, 文章对NH3气体传感器的未来发展趋势进行了展望。

     

    Abstract: NH3 emissions have a serious threat to the atmospheric environment and human health. In recent years, the efficient real-time detection of NH3 has become a research focus in the field of environmental monitoring and analytical chemistry. Graphene, as a typical two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial, provides a good platform for gas detection due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Graphene and graphene-based composites have been widely used in the detection of NH3 gas. The research progresses of NH3 gas sensors based on the graphene-based composites in recent 10 years have been reviewed in this paper. Compared with pristine graphene, the adsorption capacity of NH3 gas can be enhanced by metal particle doped grapheme; metal oxide-doped graphene can effectively improve the sensitivity of NH3 gas sensing, but with a long response time and poor repetition; organic polymer-doped graphene has relatively poor stability and high environmental requirements; graphene ternary composite materials can effectively improve the stability of the sensor and improve the sensor selectivity. Finally, the future development trends of NH3 gas sensor are briefly proposed.

     

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