用于直流超导量子干涉器的超导磁通聚焦器电磁仿真与验证

Electromagnetic simulation and verification of superconducting flux focusers for direct current superconducting quantum interference device

  • 摘要: 为实现对用于直流超导量子干涉器(direct current superconducting quantum interference device, DC SQUID)的超导磁通聚焦器聚焦效果的量化分析,本文采用COMSOL软件的“磁场,无电流”模块进行电磁仿真。对不同几何结构的超导磁通聚焦器的磁场放大效果进行了系统的仿真分析,结果表明:方孔居中时磁场放大倍数最大;磁场放大倍数与聚焦器边长和方孔边长的比值、超导薄膜厚度成正相关,与狭缝宽度成负相关。在实际应用中,设计并制备了一批超导磁通聚焦器,用于提升高温超导DC SQUID磁强计的磁场探测能力,使其有效面积提升至原来的2.28倍,白噪声低至50 fT·Hz−0.5。考虑封装引起的装配误差后,仿真结果与实验结果较为一致。该仿真分析方法可为高性能高温超导磁传感器的研发提供理论指导与设计基础。

     

    Abstract: For the quantitative analysis of the focusing effect of superconducting flux focuser (SFF) for direct current superconducting quantum interference device (DC SQUID), "magnetic field, no current" module of COMSOL is used to conduct the electromagnetic simulation. We systematically investigate the impact of geometric parameters of SFF on magnetic field amplification G. The results indicate that G is maximized when the square aperture is centered. Moreover, G is proportional to the ratio of the concentrator's side length to the square aperture's side length and to the thickness of the superconducting film, while inversely proportional to the slit width. In practical applications, a batch of superconducting flux focusers were designed and fabricated to enhance the magnetic field detection capability of high-temperature superconducting DC SQUID magnetometers, effectively increasing the active area by a factor of 2.28 compared to the original, with white noise as low as 50 fT·Hz−0.5. Accounting for assembly errors caused by packaging, the simulation results match the experimental data well. This simulation analysis method can provide theoretical guidance and design basis for the development of high-performance high-temperature superconducting magnetic sensors.

     

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